Dali has a long and rather glorious history. In 738, the Nanzhao Kingdom was established with Dali as its capital and covered a large area of Yunnan and northern Burma and parts of Sichuan and Guizhou. The original capital of the Nanzhao Kingdom was located in [wiki=9be87db40083bf8024ec249d001cf62b]Weishan[/wiki] (within Dali Prefecture) and later moved to sites around Erhai Lake. The territory conquered was quite substantial and held over a long period. The kingdom survived almost 200 years and had 13 kings before collapsing. After several decades of chaos the Kingdom of Dali emerged in 937.
The Kingdom of Dali established by Duan Siping in 937 was controlled by the Duan clan and survived until conquered by the Mongols in the 12th century. The Kingdom retained a close alliance with the Tang Dynasty, and was one of the major transit points for the introduction of Buddhism throughout the rest of China. By 1000, Dali was one of the 13 largest cities in the world.
1856-1872 Dali was the headquarters of the Panthay Rebellion led by Du Wenxiu. That rebellion commenced as an uprising against local oppressive rulers by the Hui muslim minority and ended as open rebellion against the Qing Dynasty. The Palace of Du Wenxiu is on Fuxing Road and serves as the local museum (the museum exhibition on the rebellion paints it as a patriot workers revolt which it was not). The rebellion was brutally crushed by the Qing and hundreds of thousands of Yunnan muslims were killed in revenge.
Many local people in Dali have the surname Duan to this day (rare in other parts of China). These historical events are immortalised in the Martial Arts literature of Hong Kong author Jin Yong (read by every Chinese school kid), giving Dali a fame nationwide. Both the Nanzhao Kingdom and the Kingdom of Dali had a military alliance with the Tang Dynasty against the aggressive Turfan (Tibetan) Empire which made regular and aggressive incursions into their respective territories.
The rulers of the original Nanzhao Kingdom were probably precursors to the modern Yi peoples, while the Kingdom of Dali rulers were precursors to the modern Bai minority.
A huge memorial stele to the Pacification of Kingdom of Dali was built during the Ming Dynasty and remains standing at the end of Sanyue Street past the city's West Gate. Entrance is free. The Mongols destroyed the old capital and palace of the Kingdom of Dali, located just to the south of the Three Pagodas. Almost all records of both the Nanzhao and Dali Kingdoms were burnt or destroyed, leaving much unknown about these periods. In addition, the Mongols brutally displaced many of the inhabitants of the prefecture, with the result that Bai minority people were forced as far east as Hunan Province. Many ethnic Han also moved into the Kunming area during this period.
The old Dali City was rebuilt in the early 1400s by the Ming Dynasty. What you see in Dali Old Town today is the rebuilt Ming town. Since then, the fortunes of Dali have declined and its importance as a cultural and economic centre in the Yunnan area have been overtaken by Kunming, the provincial capital.
Buses from [wiki=08b9a179ae67e6d81b865889bc2e9417]Kunming[/wiki] West Bus Station take about 4-5 hours and costs ¥138 for an ordinary bus and around ¥180 for an express luxury bus, and will bring you to Xiaguan (下关, Dali New City). Some buses go to Dali Old City, too, so check with the driver. In Xiaguan, there are three different bus stations, to reach the train station, go east along Jianshe Lu and Dianyuan Lu. From Xiaguan Train Station (in Dali New Town) you can take bus 8 and bus 4 (¥2, 40 min approx. 18 km (11 mi)) to Dali Old Town, 13 km (8 mi) to the north (Bus 4 also runs through the town). If you took an express bus from Kunming it will drop you off at the old bus station. You will be greeted by an array of locals trying to sell you rides to Dali Old Town. You can avoid them and make a right out of the bus station, then another right and walk then make a left when you hit the Y/T intersection and walk approx. 100 m (330 ft). There will be a bus stop there for bus 8 to Dali Old Town (no real sign, just see where the locals are waiting). From the new express bus station you can hang a right out of the station and walk approx. 500 m (1,640 ft), see the aforementioned Y/T intersection and cross over the street to catch bus 8. It's also possible to catch a white mini-bus on Jianshe Lu that run between Xiaguan and Dali, there's usually a white sign displayed inside the front wind shield that reads (大理下关) in Chinese. The cost for the mini-bus is ¥3. Taxi fare between Xiaguan and Dali should be around ¥40.
Buses coming south from [wiki=fdf60c3468a39296d07c682c3f38daa5]Lijiang[/wiki] are about ¥60-80 and stop outside the old town, from where it is possible to get a taxi or walk to the main guesthouses. You can save about ¥20 on the Lijiang bus by simply hailing one on the highway east of the old town.
There is a bus service to Xiaguan from [wiki=86a14c3e5ed437bfb193dc1683f897b7]Jinghong[/wiki], [wiki=9daf2a0620febcb853beda834f7e7262]Xishuangbanna[/wiki] province, which has buses running at 17:00 and 21:30, possibly earlier too. Tickets are ¥195 and trip is 17 hours. The bus used on this route is a sleeper bus so you get a fairly comfortably bed and a blanket. This service may be useful for people who have arrived in China from northern [wiki=601aebf4afb1db3fdb5c88f3cdda23ef]Laos[/wiki], e.g. [wiki=1562a9475e6f9ef2021b53ae45396afd]Luang Namtha[/wiki].
There are several night trains from [wiki=08b9a179ae67e6d81b865889bc2e9417]Kunming[/wiki] to Dali Train Station (in New City) leaving 20:00-23:00, and arriving from 6-8 hr later. The cost is ¥105 for a night trains sleeper bunk, and ¥31 for day trains hard seat.
Bus 8 to the old town leaves regularly for ¥2 from just outside the station. After around 30 minutes it will stop near the East Gate, recognisable by the array of helpful people that will try to guide towards their taxis, restaurants or hotels. Head west along this street and you'll soon arrive in the centre of the old town. If you miss this stop stay on the bus for a few more minutes and get off at the end; this is the far north end of the city. Take the first right where the departing buses are waiting, continue straight (west) past the gate for the hospital and you'll come to the North Gate of Fuxing Rd.
There are currently (2014) at least 4 trains daily from Lijiang to Dali and back. The ride takes nearly 2 hours. ¥30 for hard seat.
There are at least (2014) 3 trains to Dali from Lijiang each day, the first one at 08:26 (K9612), the next one at 17:00. The last one is with the overnight sleeper to Kunming. The price is ¥34, for the hard seat. You do not need to go to the train station to book tickets, there is a train ticket shop on Yumihe Commercial Pedestrian St off Fuhui Rd. You may need to ask for directions but if you're walking down Fuhui Rd from Lijiang old town, walk on the right of the road and turn down the first open pedestrian street to your right, just before the bank on the corner. The shop is approximately 200 m (650 ft) down on the left hand side. There's a ¥5 surcharge on the tickets purchased from here as advised in English on the official government notice. (Feb 2013)
Dali Airport (大理机场; Dàlǐ Jīchǎng ) is located to the east of New City, 13 km (8 mi) from South Gate. Direct flights include [wiki=78fb473f134eed43c959f9ebdeeb4050]Beijing Capital[/wiki], [wiki=f4aa575f70b3f78887deb96ce611b187]Chengdu[/wiki], [wiki=55b210da416ad9696c6dd74e4b836b7e]Chongqing[/wiki], [wiki=50a13d0dbb195487a4b6c602ea0fe532]Guangzhou[/wiki], [wiki=b51a587f0ffd2bb3ec09302c474181d8]Guiyang[/wiki], [wiki=08b9a179ae67e6d81b865889bc2e9417]Kunming[/wiki], [wiki=5466ee572bcbc75830d044e66ab429bc]Shanghai-Hongqiao[/wiki], [wiki=8f3199f4c051d7e2597afb0b55b23dee]Shenzhen[/wiki] and [wiki=9daf2a0620febcb853beda834f7e7262]Xishuangbanna[/wiki]. There are no airport buses. Taxis are waiting but cannot always be trusted to take you to the guesthouse/hotel you want to go to as they get commission at a lot of hotels. Better book an airport pick-up with the hotel you booked.
Alternatively, you can go to Kunming Wujiaba International Airport by plane. It is located in the southeast of Kunming. You can then take the [url=http://www.airport-china.com/kunming-wujiaba-airport/traffic/airport-shuttle.html]Airport Shuttle bus[/url] from Kunming airport. They operate 06:30-22:00.
Xiaguan Northern Bus Station
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You might also take one of the tour buses by private operators starting in Old town. It costs 80-100 RMB a day. They take you to the cable car (included in the cost) followed by a simple lunch (included in the cost). Then they take you shopping to a Jade show room. They don't seem to force you to buy anything. Then a boat ride in on the lake with a little cultural show. Finally they take you to a tea sampling place and drive around the lake and return to Old town around 8:00pm.
If you visit Dali, plan to spend at least one day up in the mountains. You can also overnight at guesthouses behind Zhonghe Temple, enjoying the most blissful peace and quiet available in China. Well worth it!
The mountains are a national level Geopark and Nature Reserve and have much to offer plant, bird, flower and hiking enthusiasts.
Chairlifts available to go up the mountains and hike about 3-5 hours to the other chairlift to go down again (as of Apr 2012, the Zhonghe chairlift is not operating. As of Aug 2012 there is a new chairlift going up to around 4,000 m (13,123 ft). Recommended to purchase tickets before 12:00. ¥230.)
There seems to be efforts to deter hiking up the mountain to the Cloud Traveller's Path, and side trips from the path. All side trips seem to be closed (marked as do not enter, including one's marked as scenic sites on older hiking maps). Most maps on boards and at the ticket booths only indicate the Cable Cars, and ones that do show the trails are out of date and incomplete.
Total of 17 villages are spread along the Western shore of the Erhai Lake between Xiaguan and Xizhou. Take a tour by bike by riding East from Dali Old Town until you reach the lake in Caicun Village and then North beside the lake shore taking local paths and roads. A great opportunity to see village life at its best, meet locals, see the Banyan trees in each village square and admire local architecture. There are three Qing Dynasty bridges along the route.
It is also possible to hike around Erhai Lake, following the West Erhai Ring Road (环洱海西路). There are various hostels and guesthouses you can stay at along the lake, as well as small restaurants selling specialist Bai minority food. It is a 6-8 hour hike from Dali Old Town to Xizhou, and you will pass through various small villages along the way. A more relaxed way would be to split the walk into two days, stopping off at a lakeside hostel for one night.
* Visit Guanyin Temple and several islands. Go with a group and enjoy a great day out. Boats can be easily arranged as the owners come into town to drum up business and you can see what you are getting from the photobooks they carry. Ferry rides at real stations cost around ¥30. There are signs indicating that fishing boats and paddle boats can't carry tourists, although it is unclear what the definition of tourist is.
* A shallow pool that periodically swarms with countless butterflies. Otherwise the site includes a fairly nice park, a small butterfly breeding centre and an utterly bizarre exhibition hall with various pictures made from hundreds of dead butterflies of different colours which were presumably raised and killed on-site.
* Combine a trip to Erhai Lake with a visit to the Wase Market on the eastern shore of the lake. Wase is a traditional and conservative Bai town with a weekly market aimed at both townspeople and nearby farmers. The market offers an interesting look at life in a quiet country town, and runs every 5 days (5th, 10th, 15th, etc.).
* The compounds behind the pagodas were destroyed during the 1920s earthquake and later during the Cultural Revolution and were rebuilt starting in 1986. The Central Pagoda is almost 1,200 years old and represents a period when Dali was a Buddhist Kingdom. The Congshen Temple behind the Three Pagodas has recently been rebuilt and reopened, after deteriorating in the 20th Century due to earthquakes, fires and the Cultural Revolution. It is a massive complex that continues far up the mountain, where a climb to the top of the pagodas rewards with a beautiful overlook of Dali Ancient Town and Erhai Lake. Worth a visit for the Tang architecture, numerous statues of the Buddha and Guanyin with influences from both India and China, dragon fountains, and two small museum showcases.
* Shaping Town offers a lively weekly market with plenty of local color. The market starts early. A great chance to see local farmers out in force and literally watch plenty of horse trading. Not much to buy (unless you are a farmer) but gives you the feeling of life in a small country town.
* Xizhou has almost 200 national heritage listed private houses dating from the Qing Dynasty. The houses are among the best examples of traditional Qing architecture in China and are exquisitely detailed. Building craftsmen from Xizhou were famous throughout Southeast Asia and travelled to Vietnam, Myanmar and throughout Southwest China to build and decorate houses. When they made their fortune, they returned to Xizhou to build their own dream home. As most of these houses are currently occupied, you will need to be on your best behaviour, knock and enter with permission. The best way to see the finest examples are with a local guide as many of the interesting houses are difficult to find. Nonetheless, with a little legwork and good manners you can locate plenty of interesting architecture on your own. The family estate of the Yan clan is preserved as a museum and open to the public, and while an excellent example of the architecture of the very rich is too commercial and compares poorly with more ordinary family homes in the township. An American family helped to restore three nationally protected buildings in Xizhou, Xilinyuan, Yangzhuoran and Baochengfu. They used only local workers and their model of sustainable tourism has been embraced by the national government. They are working on other sites throughout Western Yunnan. Guests can tour their main site- The Linden Centre- for free from 1-5 every day. Baochengfu, which will open in January 2015 after two years of restoration, will have a cafe, restaurant, ceramics and cooking school, and Spa- all open to the public. In 2012 a new tourist robbery place have been opened near at the entrance of the city, it has the name of (喜韵居) they ask for entrance ticket (¥20) or in the national holiday obligatory performance ticket (¥60), but it is actually just a shopping place (tea/silver) with new buildings.
To get to Xizhou (喜洲)from Dali Old Town, walk to San Yue Jie (三月街) which is on the northwest corner of the Old Town. There you will see a number of minibuses parked along the road with 喜洲 or 双廊 marked on the front. These depart regularly all day, and cost ¥8-10 for the 20 minute journey. To get back to Dali Old Town, you can flag down a southbound bus along the main road for roughly the same price.
* Worth a visit. It has an extensive collection of exhibits, with most signs in both Chinese and English. The museum grounds are beautiful as well, the exhibits are set around a traditional garden.
* Eryuan is a small town next to Cibihu lake. After taking a bus that leaves every hour for ¥13 from the intersection with 214 National Rd near the North Gate market you can get off in Eryuan or anywhere along the way. If the bus is overloaded the bus driver's assistant will walk past police checkpoints with passengers that didn't have a seat. Cibihu Lake is about 3 km (2 mi) downhill from the usual bus stop in Eryuan. Very few motorbikes for hire go to the lake, so if you walk in, expect to walk out.
* Gives the opportunity to international artists to come exchanging an artistic experience in Dali, Yunnan, including Exhibition Shows, Artist in Residency programs, Artistic Creation and Meetings, indeed Collaboration with Chinese and foreign artists living in Dali.
* The mountain and its ranges look like a chicken's foot. Actually a 2-3 day trip in its own right. The top and slopes are covered in temples, many in a state of disrepair. Some have been restored and have resident monks. This is a difficult hike with the summit at 3,200 m (10, 500 ft). Be prepared. Or there are horse rides and a cable car that starts halfway up.
* This swimming pool is called a hot springs resort because it probably really uses naturally hot water. Other than that it might be a little different from what most people might expect. These days it is a regular, pretty run down swimming pool (one pool on the inside, one on the outside, otherwise identical) with all the spa's (that are still on the price list) being closed. Interestingly there are places to stay in the resort with rooms around ¥280.
Noodle shop that specialised in Cross-the-Bridge Noodles, a local specialty where a bowl of hot broth is brought to the table and the rice noodles and a number of plates with small quantities of other foods is immediately added by the waiter. The menu is all in Chinese but there are pictures displayed throughout and ordering should be no problem.
* Great place for fresh homemade dumplings. Nine (9) dumplings with sauce just made and freshly steamed only cost ¥3.5.
* All-you-can-eat vegetarian buffet operated by Buddhists, the choices are usually six different vegetable dishes, soup, rice, and pickled vegetables. You may fill your bowl as many times as you like, but you are expected to lick it clean in the end, and return it to the kitchen. There are also free tea and snacks.
Dali has some of the cheapest accommodation options available in all China, and as a hostel hotbed, is perhaps no surprise. Expect to pay ¥15-30 for a dorm bed, ¥40 and up for rooms, ¥60-300 for a double room with private shower and toilet.
Beautiful spacious rooms with colouful and handmade furniture. Singles, doubles, 3 and 4 bed family rooms. Great garden, rooftop bar and terrace. Playground for kids. From ¥300 incl BF. Same owner as Jim's Guesthouse (see above). Owner Jim (a local) is a fluent English speaker and was the first local to start business with foreigners/ Organizes great (day)trips: trekkings, overland to Tibet etc, can be found on their website. Bookings accepted by e-mail.
* Spacious rooms with internet access against surcharge. Business center, currency exchange, gift shop, ticket office, massage and sauna available. Chinese restaurant, coffee shop and room service.
*In one of Southwest China's most pristine examples of traditional Bai architecture. Developed and managed by an American couple who has been involved in China since 1984, offers 14 upscale double rooms in the completely restored, nationally-protected villa. The Centre also has a small museum, two restaurants, a cafe/bar, library, conference rooms, exercise room, and four elegant courtyards full of gardens and outdoor seating.
Linden Centre[http://linden-centre.com/]. 喜林苑 is one of the only national relics open to overnight stays in China. Long time China residents (since 1984) and American scholars Brian and Jeanee Linden (Stanford and University of California) spent three years restoring one of China's most impressive examples of pre-revolutionary architecture. The Centre has been chosen as China's Hotel of the Year by Tripadvisor.com, and the Lindens have been recognized with international accolades such as Travel and Leisure's Global Vision Award and Society of American Travel Writers Phoenix Award. The Linden Centre has 16 guest rooms, a restaurant, bar/cafe, fitness centre, game rooms, etc., and a library of 2000 volumes highlighting the history and traditions of the region. The Lindens have two other nationally protected sites in Xizhou: 1. The Linden Commons, which has 14 elegant guest rooms, a Western and Chinese restaurant, ceramics/painting/textiles workshops, holistic Spa, and upscale cooking school; 2. The Education Annex, which houses innovative learning programs for international schools and universities, including Sidwell Friends Semester Program and Shanghai American School's Micro Campus. The three sites, along with the Lindens' 75 staff, most of whom are locally trained and supported by the Lindens, make Xizhou one of the most uniquely authentic rural destinations in China.
* Five star hotel in Bai architecture style. Very large rooms with free internet. Business center, currency exchange, gift shop, beauty salon, ticket office, karaoke, night club, billiards, table tennis, fitness, tennis, massage and outdoor swimming pool available. Chinese and Western restaurants as well as coffee shop and bar. The hotel comes with everything you can expect from a Chinese five star hotel, but lacks something in taste, service and Western breakfast compared to what you will find in larger cities.