Beirut has survived a rough history, falling under the occupation of one empire after another,. Originally named Bêrūt, "The Wells" by the Phoenicians, Beirut's history goes back more than 5000 years. Excavations in the downtown area have unearthed layers of Phoenician, Hellenistic, Roman, Arab and Ottoman civilizations.
Following World War II, Lebanon gained its independence from France and Beirut became its capital in 1943 - Bechara El-Khoury and Riad El-Solh, Lebanon's first president and prime minister respectively, are considered the founders of the modern Republic of Lebanon and national heroes. Beirut thrived as a major commercial and tourist center of the Middle East. It was a top destination among wealthy Arabs and European tourists, due to Beirut's unique geography, climate, diverse culture, and freedom. Beirut was seen as the "European gateway to the Middle East" and vice versa, and was often called the "Paris of the Middle East".
The city has severely suffered from a 15 year long civil war that ravaged the country from 1975 to 1990. It quickly was divided in an Western part controlled by Pan-Arabist Lebanese and Palestinian militias inclined to socialism and an eastern part under control of nationalist Lebanese militias leaning towards fascism. The front line was for most of the time along the roads Damascus Street and Old Saida Street. The central area of the city, previously the focus of much of the commercial and cultural activities, became a no-man's land. You can still find many buildings damaged or completely ruined especially on the verges of Downtown but there are hardly any efforts to keep the memory of those bloody days alive. The conflict is often misleadingly portrayed as a religious conflict that divided the city in a Muslim and a Christian part. While it is true that there were massacres along religious lines many Christians lived in West Beirut throughout the war and vice versa and most militias had Christian, Muslim, and - at least some communist factions - atheist members.
Since the end of the war in 1989, the people of Lebanon have been rebuilding Beirut. The city has undertaken an aggressive rebuilding policy. It has been working hard to regain its status as a tourist, cultural and intellectual center in the Middle East which it has lost to Cairo as well as a center for commerce, fashion and media which is dominated by Dubai and other rich Gulf states. However Beirut with the rest of the Middle East has gained momentum.
Most areas of Beirut have a friendly atmosphere and Beirutis have a reputation for being very polite, friendly, sociable and outgoing. The locals are used to the sight of foreigners and many of them are happy to get to know you and even to show you around the city.
Secterianism is still prevalent in Lebanon, as a result of the Ottoman religious system and of the French colonial policy of divide and rule, which is both reflected in the political system and social networks. Many Lebanese, especially Christians and the middle and upper classes, identify culturally with Europeans, particularly the French, and some denying Arab identity altogether. Many of them, and this might especially true for Christians, prefer to identify themselves as Phoenician (referring to their ancestral roots in ancient Phoas Chrienicia.) Many Muslim Lebanese on the other hand identify culturally and ethnically with other Arabs and Muslims of the Middle East. A minority claims to be Syrian in the sense of a Greater Syrian civilization stretching from Cyprus and Sinai to west Iran and from southern Turkey to northern Saudi Arabia.
Most Beirutis love going out and the city offers with Tel Aviv the best night life in the whole region. If (and when) you go out at night, depending on the venue, dressing up well will most certainly get you some respect. The locals like to see that foreigners are doing what they can to fit in. Expect to be offered a drink or a cigarette. Alcohol is very cheap in shops and supermarkets, yet in night venues, prices can easily exceed European standards (aka: 8,000L.L/Beer, 15,000L.L/Cocktail)).
Smoking is very common in Beirut and a large portion of the people smoke. A ban on smoking indoors in public places began September 3, 2012 but it's not easy to find a smoke-free place that enforces the laws.
Beirut enjoys Mediterranean climate. Come in April to June for warm, dry days and long, cool evenings (15-25°C). Temperatures in July and August rise above 30°C and humidity can be somewhat overwhelming. A room with air conditioning can help to escape the heat and to sleep easily as even the night temperatures hardly drop below 25°C. The wettest months are December to February and can bring thunderstorms with lots of rain for days so bring a good coat and umbrella. Lebanon's ski season runs from December till early April.
Despite the diverse climate that changes noticeably per season, the weather is very predictable; the weather forecast, on radio and TV stations are normally very accurate, so you normally shouldn't find yourself caught in a sudden downpour in the winter months.
Due to Lebanon's diverse religions and sects, many public holidays are celebrated, some of which more than once:
New Year's Day, Armenian-Orthodox Christmas (6 Jan), Eid al-Adha - Feast of Sacrifice, celebrating the last day of Hajj, the Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca, Al Hijrah - Islamic New Year, Feast of St Maroun (9 Feb), Eid Meelad an-Nabi - The Prophet's (Muhammad) Anniversary, Good Friday and Easter Monday (Apr), Labour Day (1 May). Martyrs' Day (6 May), Liberation of the South (25 May), Assumption (15 Aug), Eid al-Fitr - Festival of the Breaking of the Fast, All Saints' Day (1 Nov), Independence Day (22 Nov), Christmas Day (25 Dec). Based on the lunar calendar, Islamic holidays move forward approximately 11 days every Western year.
Anything goes in Beirut. Shorts and T-shirts are perfect for the summer heat, for both men and women, while heavier clothing is necessary during the winter.
You should cover up if visiting religious sites, such as mosques and churches. Some neighborhoods are more conservative than others, so bear that in mind when exploring the city. Going out at night is a smart affair, so dress fashionably to fit in, although this does not mean dressing up in a suit; you will find many men in sporty t-shirts, dark jeans, and smart running shoes at even the trendiest nightclubs.
Please check the page of [wiki=b45ff92cc522bb89bfc3b8ef3fc21b7d]Lebanon[/wiki] for information on visas.
Beirut Rafik Hariri International Airport [url=http://www.beirutairport.gov.lb/]], is the country's only international airport and the hub of Lebanon's national carrier, Middle East Airlines (MEA [http://www.mea.com.lb/MEA/English/[/url]).
Most international airlines have daily flights between Beirut and the major European capitals. The airport is located 7km south of Beirut, and is roughly a 10 to 15 minute drive from the city center.
Car parking is available at the airport for around 2.5 USD per hour. Please note that when parking the time is rounded to the upper hour (i.e. 1.1 hours ~= 2 hours). Hariri is one of the first airports that provided free wifi access to the internet and still does. Due to heavy charges in phone calls (Greek phone 1,23 Euro/minute to Lebanon), its best to log in to the airports wifi and use Skype mobile for the necessary calls (Taxi).
At the moment, there is no public transportation to or from the airport, but there are private minivans serving as public transport across the car park in front of the airport on the only road connecting the airport with the city. You might have have to walk a little further if no buses run past you.
Beirut is linked with all coastal cities through the coastal road. Entrances/exists off this road connect it to districts adjacent to the coast such as Maten and Kesrwen (and others).
Beirut is linked to [wiki=553a312e795e7849c1bb04a907662253]Zahle[/wiki] and [wiki=c04b7c1944e3b4d0115963cefa6e9cdf]Baalbeck[/wiki] (and the rest of Bekaa) through Dahr Al-Baydar road (linked to Emile Lahoud highway at the entrance of Beirut].
There are four border crossing points between Lebanon and Syria:
* Masnaa (on the Beirut-Damascus Highway)
* Qaa (at the northern edge of the Békaa Valley)
* Arida (north of Tripoli along the coast)
* Aboudiyeh (northeast of Tripoli).
You can travel between Lebanon and Syria by private/rental car, bus, private taxi, or service taxi.
Note: Please stay updated with safety conditions in [wiki=465718d0a1bc8363ad01390923fad5d1]Syria[/wiki] if coming from there. There are no reports so far that border points were closed; however, check the news to stay up-to-date. As of April 2013 the road is open and safe to travel in total Syrian army control.
Buses connect Beirut with Damascus and the south of Lebanon arrive at an intersection next to the Cola bridge. The bus stop is known as "Cola" among the locals. This place is in the southern part of Beirut - in area known as Mazraa.
Refer to the [wiki=8567d06b436c06938d4d20225c9ea85c#Get around]Get Around[/wiki] section for information on how to get to other parts of the city.
There are currently two public transport companies. The OCFTC that operates a fleet of blue and white city-buses, and the LCC [url=http://www.lccworld.com/]]with a fleet of red and white minibuses; Bus fares cost either 500LL (OCFTC bus 24) or 1000LL ($0.33 to 0.67). The service is very efficient and the buses come very often. To get onto a bus you must stand at the side of the road and signal with your hand as a bus approaches; the buses will stop anywhere. The service of the numbered big buses halts between 7 and 8 at night whereas the minivans go at least until 11pm. The minibuses running along line 4 run all night but stop at the northern end of Damascus Street and don't go all the way to Hamra.
Unfortunately, the bus companies don't provide any helpful information neither on the internet nor through printed maps of the lines and the bus lines underlie constant change. The [url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/node/289346590#map=14/33.8871/35.5066&layers=T]Beirut transport map of openstreetmap[/url[/url] is the most accurate bus map as of June 2015. To get a brief overview there is also a 2013 [url=http://zawarib.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/20102-www.png]bus map by Zawarib[/url], but it isn't up to date any more. Apparently, line number 5 connecting Ain Mreisse and Choueifat, line 7 and line 8 don't exist any more. Lines still existing as of April 2015 are lines 2, 4, 5 (Hamra-Jdeide), 6, 12, 15, and 24. Now there is also a seaside ('bahry'/'ba7ry') number 15, so don't be surprised if you find a bus with a big 15 in the front screen running between Ain el-Mreisse and Dora along the shore and make sure which one you enter when you're east of Beirut river. To make matters more complicated there are also inter-city buses sporting the same numbers so you might find a bus number 6 for example in a very different area (such as Hazmieh) than expected and some private school buses sometimes also have numbers in their front screen. But don't worry, it's not so bad because bus drivers and fellow commuters are very helpful and ready to give advice and everybody knows about those difficulties and is confronted with them. Just give the bus drivers a sign to stop and ask for your destination as it is common in Beirut.
There are also minibuses, usually white, sometimes red or green, connecting different destinations. Some of those buses run the same route as the official line 4 and they also sport a big red 4 in their screen. Most of them don't have numbers though, and you have to know respectively ask where they go. It's best to ask people waiting for a bus or a taxi by the roadside or the bus driver how to get to your destination.
Service (pronounced the French way [ser'vees] but with a rolled R) is a very common form of transport, especially with daily commuters. They are regular taxis which operate as shared taxis and cost 2000 LL compared to up to 10000 LL for a cab. Taxi drivers decide on the spot to operate as a shared taxi. A driver will try to pick up more passengers along the route, but often you will go all the way by yourself. Service drivers may choose not to take you if you are not going in the same direction as them. They also won't go the shortest way, but take some small detours in search of more passengers.
Hailing a service or taxi usually entails yelling your destination to the driver when he slows down. It is important to remember that if you want a service you should give the name of the general district you want to go to and not a specific address. If the driver nods or gives you a sign to get in when they stop for you this means they accept the service price of 2000 LL. If they don't accept they will drive by or tell you "serviceyn", "taxi" or the amount they want to have and which is up for negotiation then. When you get close to your destination the driver will ask you where you want to get out. It's handy to know a landmark close to your destination as the drivers usually only know the names of the main roads and use landmarks for navigation instead. The service drivers will not take you to the exact address, unless it's on a main road, but will drop you at the closest point of the main road and will tell you in which direction to go. Of course you can also ask to be dropped off once you recognise the area you want to be in. When you enter the car you can ask "service?" to make sure you only pay 2000 LL, but if the driver doesn't tell you a price right away this means they accept the service price and you should by no means feel obliged to pay more once you get off. People usually pay when they get off.
Taxi drivers in Beirut are notorious for overcharging tourists much more so than in neighboring Syria. Most will demand absurd fares and demanding 2-3 times the service rate is very common. If you're pressed for time paying the double service price, called "serviceyn" may be a compromise (4000 LL), otherwise you may have to wait a bit to find an honest cab driver willing to take you for 2000 LL. Virtually no one tips cab drivers unless some extraordinary service has been rendered, like a very long wait time while you run an errand or something. Some drivers will ask you for a tip particularly near holidays. Payment is usually at the end of the journey.
There are two types of taxis in Beirut; the (sometimes old and battered) hail-taxis, and the prebooking taxis.
*Hail-taxi - The most convenient form of transport in Beirut, as they are absolutely everywhere. Those taxis are predominantly Mercedes Benz cars (though recently, due to increasing petrol prices, taxi drivers are opting for more economic forms or transport) and can be quite easily identified by their yellow illuminated taxi sign on the roof and red number plate. Fixed meters aren't provided so it is recommended to ask how much your trip will cost before hopping in. The fare will be charged per destination and not per distance traveled (which is an advantage since traffic is a big problem in the city). A typical journey from one side of Beirut to the other (roughly 3 km) may cost LL10 000 (€5.00). Many taxi drivers speak at least a few words of English and French. Knowing the name of your destination in the local language may solve any misunderstanding.
Keep in mind the names of the landmarks around the city, as they will come in handy when traveling by public transport (some drivers aren't that good at orienting!).
*Prebook taxi - These require that you call them and book a ride, they generally cost more but are much more luxurious and are normally air conditioned. All hotels should provide you with a taxi directory, if you wish to use this type of service. Taxi prices are considered cheap if compared to US and European taxis. Major taxi companies are: Geryes Taxi (00961-1-332747), Taxi Premiere (Tel 1260 or 00961-1-389222). Allo Taxi (Tel 1213 or 00961-1-366661)or book online to avoid phonecalls cost[http://www.allotaxi.com/service/2/1/Allo%20Taxi].
* Uber has been available in Beirut for some time now. The advantages are: a) Uber calculates the fare based on distance and time, there is no negotiating a price with the driver which is especially useful as a tourist who doesn't know the distances and prices in the city b) no messing around with cash or tips, Uber will just charge your credit or debit card c) you get an email receipt with a map tracing your journey, so you can check you haven't been "taken for a ride" like you might experience in a normal taxi.
Driving in Beirut is not to be recommended for much of the day, particularly in the city center. Traffic is heavy, and impossible during rush hour. There is so much to see and being stuck in a traffic jam is the last thing anyone would want to spend their time doing. Walking around the city is much more of an experience, and is in fact necessary in the very center since that part of the city is a pedestrian area.
It can be difficult to find parking other than in multi-story and off-street car parks. On-street parking, if you are lucky enough to find one, is allowed for a short time of two hours. Tickets must be purchased through the parking meters usually located at either end of a street. They can be paid by either cash or card. Overstaying your time may get you a ticket. Enforcement of the parking limit isn't done very efficiently, but obviously the last thing anyone would want to find is a ticket that will ruin their day and set them back financially.
As all major towns and sights are easily accessible by public transport renting a car is recommended only if you're planing to go out into the countryside where public transport isn't operating, or maybe simply to enjoy the Lebanese "see-and-be-seen" lifestyle. Car rental prices range from economical 40.000L.L/day (€20.00/day) to luxury and exotic standard prices. Those can change according to season, so make sure you contact the car rental company beforehand to check prices as well as pickup/drop-off locations.
If you are traveling to the country during high season make sure to book your car rental in advance since it is normal to find that all rental companies are completely booked.
Driving in Beirut is on the right-hand side of the road.
Only the central areas of Beirut have traffic lights operating, though plans have been made to cover all of the city.
Beirut is not a bike friendly city and you will hardly see people riding bikes apart from the wide sidewalk by the shore. There are some bike rentals though for the brave and the shore-cyclers. Every month a small group takes part in the worldwide [url=http://www.facebook.com/cmbeirut]Critical Mass[/url] rides.
As the city is quite compact, walking is the best way of getting around, and perfect for getting off the beaten track to find unexpected surprises. Most people however will not walk throughout the city, rather they will walk within certain districts and take cars/taxis to get from one district to another. Streets are poorly signposted, often giving a number instead of the street name you will have on your map, and few Beiruti locals would know how to navigate according to their names. Directions are usually given by building placement and landmarks ("straight down the road until you reach building X, turn left there, then right..."), and many streets have local nicknames that wouldn't match the map either. That said, if you find yourself lost in the streets, simply ask any passer-by for directions; no one will refuse to help! Otherwise you can stop at the nearest hotel or shop and ask. Hotel concierges and shop keepers will most definitely speak at least some English.
Some roads and especially pavements in Beirut are in poor condition. Not so much in Downtown, but especially the farther you get from Downtown the more road works you will most probably find. Very often the pavement is used as a parking lot or it will feature a huge trash container, a street sign, a street light or some other pole right on it making it difficult or impossible to pass. So do it as the locals and walk on the streets next to the cars.
You can always check out a Beiruti-run walking tour called Walk Beirut. They offer weekly tours around the city.
Pigeon Rocks ([wiki=d6760cb1f642de02829eac26980c7ddc]Rawcheh[/wiki] District) A monumental natural arch jutting up from the Mediterranean. Great place to sit at one of the roadside cafes and watch the sun set.There is a trail that leads in the beach in front of the Rocks.Locals are offering boat ride in and around the Rocks with small fishing boats. If you dare enough to trust them go but deal the price from the start in order you not overcharged.
*Place de l'Etoile (Nejmeh Square)([wiki=fcef0218aab4b0c95caa45c3a2f811e8]Downtown[/wiki] District), originally built by the French in the early 20th century in the very center of the Downtown district, it suffered a lot of war damage during the war but recently has been restored.In the centre of the square it stands the Greek Orthodox Cathedral of Saint George[url=https://www.facebook.com/pages/Saint-George-Orthodox-Cathedral-of-Beirut/28134431714]]which is the Mother Cathedral of Orthodox community in Beirut and the oldest church of the city[url=http://www.beirut.com/l/6502[/url].The]Cathedral is attached with an underground small crypt Museum which confirms the religious use of the area in the previous centuries.[[Saint George Greek Orthodox Cathedral[/url]|*Martyr's Statue [wiki=fcef0218aab4b0c95caa45c3a2f811e8]Downtown[/wiki]] Martyr's Square, east of Nejmeh Square towards Ashrafieh.
* [wiki=51ff82b555b2f6fe837a9c7e61d5e67b]Jeita Grotto[/wiki][url=http://www.jeitagrotto.com/]]is a compound of crystallized caves in Lebanon located 20 km north of Beirut in the Valley of Nahr al-Kalb (Dog River). This grotto is made up of two limestone caves, upper galleries and a lower cave through which a 6230 m long river runs. Geologically, the caves provide a tunnel or escape route for the underground river. In this cave and galleries, the action of water in the limestone has created cathedral-like vaults full of various sizes, colors and shapes of stalactites and stalagmites, majestic curtains and fantastic rock formations. The total length of the cave is more than 9000 m and there is one among the biggest stalactites in the world hanging 8,20 m. The grotto accommodates a huge hall with a distance of 108 m from the ceiling till the water level. Open Tuesday-Sunday 9am-5pm. Adult LL 18'150.
National Museum Of Beirut [url=http://www.beirutnationalmuseum.com/]](Ras El Nabaa, South [[Ashrafieh[/url]]) About 1,300 artifacts are exhibited, ranging in date from prehistoric times to the medieval Mamluk period mainly dealing with Lebanon's Archeology and History. A few minute video is played every hour exactly and showing the history of the museum, especially the damages during the civil war, measures undertaken to protect the antiquities and the later restoration procedure with original video footage from that era. Tu-Su 9am-5pm, closed Mon and Holidays, Fee: 5.000L.L (adult), 1.000L.L (students, under 18).
* Archeology and History, the Middle East's oldest museum. Its artefacts aren't as massive as some in the National Museum but its objects are just as spectacular and they are presented in quite an appealing way. Free entrance.
*(Contemporary Modern art), the building itself is a perfect example of the typical 18th century Lebanese palace. Lebanese and international art is permanently displayed in the intricately preserved interior. The museum is closed at least until October 2015.
* (Contemporary Modern art), the first non-profit public space in Beirut, housing an exhibition space, screening and performance auditorium, bookstore, mediatheque, cafe and terrace. Designed by architect Raed Abi Lama.
*
* This gallery is one of the alternative culture and art places in Beirut and hosts besides exhibitions yoga classes, workshops and the odd flea market. Follow the signs from Makhoul Street or ask around. Until it moved to a new location in the same street in autumn 2015 it was known as Artscape.
* .
* Art on Spears is located in a beautiful old building on one of the main streets leading into [wiki=4447a5284107118804b9169e750124c4]Hamra[/wiki]. They host exhibitions and events. At least some of them are for free.
* Gallery and studio of painter sculptor and musician Camille Allam
For a guide to Beirut's parks visit [url=http://beirutgreenguide.com/]Beirut Green Guide[/url].
*Sanayeh Park, Emmile Eddé Road, [wiki=4447a5284107118804b9169e750124c4]Hamra[/wiki], Beirut
*Horsh Beirut [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horsh_Beirut]](Beirut Pine Forest), (adjacent to the Beirut Hippodrome south of [[Ashrafieh[/url]]); this park is now open since september 5, 2015 to the general public.
*Khalil Gebran Park [wiki=fcef0218aab4b0c95caa45c3a2f811e8]Downtown[/wiki] District (between Amir Amine St. and Toufik Khaled St.)
*Debbas Square Saifi village [wiki=fcef0218aab4b0c95caa45c3a2f811e8]Downtown[/wiki] (bewteen Charles Debbas St. and Dmascus St.)
*Nejmeh Square Central [wiki=fcef0218aab4b0c95caa45c3a2f811e8]Downtown[/wiki]
*Herbal Garden Riad El Solh St. [wiki=fcef0218aab4b0c95caa45c3a2f811e8]Downtown[/wiki].
To stay up to date on Beirut's nightlife scene, visit any Virgin Megastores branch to ask about any upcoming events. Many live concerts are held throughout the year with international musicians and DJ's. Beirut has hosted some of the world’s biggest names in Dance music such as Armin Van Buuren, Tiesto, Above and Beyond, Bob Sinclar, Hernan Cattaneo, James Zabiela, Cosmic Gate, Paul Van Dyk, Ferry Corsten, Nick Warren, Anthony Pappa, Sasha, John Digweed, Danny Howells, Steve Lawler and others. Alternatively keep an ear out for the radio or on underground party websites:
* NRJ (99 FM) [http://www.nrjlebanon.com/]
* Mix FM (104.4) [http://www.mixfm.com.lb]
*Beirut International Film Festival, [url=http://www.beirutfilmfoundation.org/].]Held annually in October, the Beirut Film Festival exhibits films from all over the middle east, usually in either Arabic or French. The films vary enormously and some can be intensely political.
*Beirut International Jazz Festival, [url=http://www.bijf.radioonev5.com/index.php/[/url].]Held annually during the month of July over a period of four days, some of the greatest international jazz artists as well as musicians from around Lebanon play some quality music near the Beirut marina.
*Festival du cinéma francophone [url=http://20mars.francophonie.org/spip.php?page=fiche&id_evenement_oif=5486&annee=2007[/url],]Held between the month of march and April over a period of two weeks, films are in French. Cinéma Métropolis - Masrah Al Madina, Beirut, (tel: 00961 1 293 212).
*One Big Sunday, Beach party with live DJs held every Sunday during the summer months in various resorts and beaches, organised by Mix FM[http://www.mixfm.com.lb/[/url].
*Bacardi Night, Annual festival held during the summer with some of the hottest DJs and bands from around the world, organised by Mix FM[http://www.mixfm.com.lb/].[http://www.planetjes.com/BacardiDetail.htm]
Lebanon is famous for its food and in spite of the increasing influence of Western and other cuisines there is an appreciation of farmer work and Lebanese cultural food heritage. The best places to buy traditional such as syrups, pickles, za'atar, olive oil or non-food items such as soap are
* This is the shop of the company Fair Trade Lebanon which is the local member of the [wiki=c857f85c669b0e49b1523657b945c1fa]World Fair Trade Organization[/wiki]. They ensure higher prices and long-term cooperations with the cooperatives and small-scale producers they work with. Their product range includes za'atar, olive oil, wine, syrups, jams, pickles, hummus, condiments and soap. Some of their products are organic and most of them are vegan including the soap. You can find some of their products also in organic shops and supermarkets.
* This organic shop cooperates closely with small and medium scale farmers and provides you with syrups, olive oil, za'atar, and condiments
Beirut is the fashion capital of Lebanon and the region, with many prominent Lebanese designers located here, including (Elie Saab [url=http://www.eliesaab.com],]Tony Ward [url=http://www.tonyward.net[/url],]Basil Soda [url=http://www.basilsoda.com[/url],]Pierre Katra [url=http://www.pierrekatra.com[/url]]and Robert AbiNader [http://www.robert-abinader.com[/url].)
*An eclectic assortment by international couturiers and designers, from Issey Miyake to Ann Demeulemeester
There are several shopping districts around the city.
* Downtown Beirut - The recently renovated city center that boasts fancy and designer stores.
* Hamra Street - An area featuring much revitalization over the last few years, with many international and upscale brands returning to the district.
* Mar-Elias Street - A busy street towards the south of Beirut. Many of the shops are Lebanese brands which means this is the perfect place to find bargains as most brands are local and cheap.
* Rue Verdun - A shopping street with several high-end shopping malls and department stores.
ABC Mall, Achrafieh Alfred Naccache Street, Mar Mitr, 00961 1 212888 [url=http://www.abc.com.lb/].]Many international brands are here along with great restaurants, cafes, and a movie theater all in a mixed indoor/outdoor setting.
* Souks de Beirut is a new mall in downtown with international brands in an outdoor setting.
* Beirut Mall, Tayouneh roundabout, 00961 1 385888, [http://www.beirutmall.com.lb/[/url].
* ABC Beauté, Bab Idriss, downtown, 00961 1 991888. Offering a wide range of international cosmetics and perfume brands, nail bar, professional hairdressers and stylists. Open Mon-Sat 10AM-7PM.
* Miss ABC, Hamra street, facing Cinema strand, 00961 1 344740. Women's specialty store. Open Mon-Sat 9:45-7:45, closed Sunday.
* City Mall, Dora highway roundabout, Greater Beirut, 00961 1 905555. Includes 100 stores, 15 cafes and restaurants, a Hypermarket, and 9 movie theaters.
* Dunes Center, Centre Dunes, Verdun Str., +961 1 785310, [http://www.dunes.com.lb/]. Displaying some of the latest shopping brands, as well as many cafes and a movie theater.
* Virgin Megastore - Currently four branches in Beirut: Beirut International Airport, Martyr's square Downtown (claims to be the biggest Virgin Megastore outside the UK), City Mall (Dora roundabout), ABC department store (Ashrafieh).
*Music, Books, Event Tickets: Virgin Megastores Currently four branches in Beirut: Beirut International Airport, Martyr's square Downtown (claims to be the biggest Virgin Megastore outside the UK), City Mall (Dora roundabout), ABC department store (Ashrafieh).
Flea markets are surprisingly hard to find, occasional organized markets are held that are made to resemble flea markets.
* Souk El Tayeb Held every Saturday near BIEL downtown between 9AM-2PM, feed your soul as well as your face in Beirut's first organic farmer's market. Promoting traditional methods of farming and preserving, it's a great place to pick up local honey, cheese and breads, plus artisans' crafts. It also runs regular cookery classes, to learn how to make that perfect tabouleh (bulgur salad).
* Sunday Market (Sou al-ahhad in Arabic (the 'q', 'qof' in arabic is rendered either silent or as a glottal stop in Lebanese) Get up early and join the locals for a rummage at the Sunday Market which opens between 7AM and 1PM, next to Beirut River in the east. You might find antique jewellery, clothing and beads, or maybe just bric-a-brac, but there's an eclectic selection of goodies on show. Remember to bargain hard!
* Burj Hammoud Beirut's Armenian quarter, perfect place to shop for cheap bric-a-brac, artisan's crafts, souvenirs, copper and brass ware and faus-brands. Don't forget to haggle. Burj Hammoud is located to the East of Ashrafieh across the Beirut river.
Lebanese Lira and USD are accepted in most (if not all) stores. Exchange rate is fixed at 1500LL = 1USD (as of July 2013). American 'cents' are however not used. Once payment is made, change can be received in LL, USD, or a combination of both.
* Payment cards: Many shops, hotels, restaurants, bars etc accept international payment cards such as Visa, Mastercard, Maestro or American Express.
* Automatic bank tellers: Withdrawal can be made from any automatic bank teller found in any region of the country. Withdrawals can be made in either Lebanese Lira or the US dollar.
* Traveler's checks: Lebanese banks can exchange them very easily.
Lebanese cuisine is a mix of Arab, Turkish, and Mediterranean influences, and enjoys a worldwide reputation for its richness and variety as well as its Mediterranean health factor. Olive oil, herbs, spices, fresh fruits and vegetables are commonly used, as well as dairy products, cereals, fishes and various types of meat. A visit to Beirut includes the traditional Lebanese Mezze (Meza), an elaborate variety of thirty hot and cold dishes. A typical Mezze may consist of salads such as the Tabboule and Fattouch, together with the dips: Hommos, Moutabal, Muhammara, and more, and some patties such as the Sambousseks and finally, the stuffed grape leaves waraq 'inab, with of course the Lebanese flat pita bread which is essential to every Lebanese Mezze.
Lebanon is a great country to eat vegan since many dishes, especially those part of Mezze, are traditionally made without animal ingredients. Not to speak about the delicious fresh fruit and veg. Some of the sweets are also vegan, depending on the confectioner.
Must try:
* Manqoushe (pronounced "Man'oushi"): A Lebanese pizza, or at least that's what it looks like, the Manqoushe is a baked flat dough with either a mixture of local cheeses or thyme (za'atar) (or a mixture of both) on top. There is also a sweet version of it where the dough gets covered with a sugar and cinnamon mix before being baked. You can also get it with spinach (sabanikh), where the dough is wrapped around the spinach filling giving it a triangular shape. The one with spinach comes in a big and a small size. Manqoushe can be bought from all bakeries as well as from Forn Manqoushe, which specialize in this type of food and is usually had for breakfast. Costs between 500 LL and 3000 LL. The za'atar, spinach and sugar Manaqeesh (plural of Manqoushe) usually are vegan, but sometimes the dough is made with milk.
*Hummus (or Hummus bi-Taheeni): A dip made from chick peas with sesame paste, lemon juice, garlic, salt and olive oil. You can have it as part of Mezze, but it makes a full meal served with bread, onions, tomatoes, mint and pickled cucumbers, parsnips and olives. Hummus is usually vegan (though especially in Syria and Turkey there are versions containing a kind of yoghurt).
*Falafel: Fried chick pea balls. They are served on a plate with bread, a sesame sauce and veg, but more often in a rolled sandwich containing fresh and pickled veg and a sesame sauce. Falafel is usually vegan, but you might want to ask if the sauce contains milk, which is very rare in Lebanon.
*Tabboule: A parsley salad with mint, tomatoes, spring onions, bulghur, olive oil and lemon juice. Usually vegan.
*Fattoush: A lettuce salad with tomatoes, cucumbers, radishes, spring onions, mint, lemon juice and olive oil. Just before serving some crunchy bread is sprinkled on top. Usually vegan.
*Salatit Kizbara bi-Banadoura: Cilantro and tomato salad with a lemon juice and olive oil sauce. Usually vegan.
*Batata bi-Kizbara: Baked potato chunks with cilantro and sometimes crushed chilli. You can sprinkle lemon juice on top. Usually a part of Mezze. Sometimes you can get it rolled up in a sandwich to go. Usually vegan.
*Batata Harra: Like Batata bi-Kizbara with more chilli but without cilantro. Usually vegan.
*Mjaddara: Cooked lentils and rice or bulghur (cracked wheat) with spices and olive oil and a topping of fried onions. Usually vegan.
*Muhammara: Dip made from red peppers, walnuts, bread crumbs, olive oil, pomegranate molasses, lemon juice, onions, garlic and spices. Usually vegan.
*Mutabbal (or Mutabbal Beitinjân): A dip made from baked and skinned eggplants with sesame paste, lemon juice and olive oil. As hummus this can be eaten as part of Mezze or as a full meal with the same bread and veg accompanying it. Usually vegan.
*Msabbha or Mshawshe: Similar to Hummus, but the chick peas don't get mashed and so it tastes quite differently. Served similar to Hummus. More popular in Saida than in Beirut and usually vegan.
*Baleela: Chick pea salad with olive oil and lemon juice. Usually vegan.
*Hendbe: Dandelion fried in olive oil with onions. Usually vegan.
*Loubie bi-Zeit: Green beans fried in olive oil with tomatoes, onions, garlic and spices. Usually vegan.
*Bâmie bi-Zeit: Fried okra with tomatoes and onions. Usually vegan.
*Qarnabeet Meqle: Fried cauliflower. Comes as Mezze or in a sandwich. Usually vegan.
*Sherbet 'adas: A simple but delicious lentil soup. Usually vegan.
*Waraq 'enab: Wine leaves stuffed with rice and spices and sometimes with tabboule before being pickled. Eaten cold. Usually vegan.
* Ka'ek: A different version of the classic bagel, only about a foot in diameter and hollow, normally filled with thyme but you can ask for cheese spread as well. The most common place to buy these are from the local street vendors that ride bicycles or motorized scooters and honk a manual horn, but you can also find it at major bakeries. Although not of Lebanese origins, they're quite popular and are always found near Rawcheh area, they're worth a try. cost about 1.000L.L .
* Roastery Nuts: Roasted nuts are certainly the local favorite appetizers particularly with the older people. Local brands have dedicated roasteries where customers walk in and order fresh, they produce some of the best nuts in the region, and certainly the most varied. Pecans, Cashews, Macadamias, Hazelnuts, Almonds, Pistachios, Peanuts its all there. Ask for Krikri in thyme, spice, or cheese flavor.
* Sweets: Every religious or national event sees stalls set up on sidewalks outside churches and in public squares, where traditional Lebanese sweets are sold such as: Maamoul, Ktaef, Halawet el Jibn, Halawet el Riz, and Ashta. If you're lucky enough to come across those be sure to give them all a try, otherwise visit any pâtisserie where the same sweets can be purchased (but of course lacking the same authenticity!). Some pâtisseries offer vegan sweets.
Beirut's different cultures brought different tastes for food, and restaurants of all different origins have opened all around the city. Restaurants have different price ranges, depending of course on the quality of the ingredients used; check the different districts for the listings.
If you're on a tight budget it's best to rely on fruit and vegetables and to occasionally go to one of the eateries serving Lebanese fast food such as falafel, hummus, French Fries sandwiches and of course man'oushe which is by far the cheapest option. International fast food chains are considerably more expensive, but all major international fast food chains have opened restaurants in Beirut (KFC, McDonald's, Burger King, Hardee's, TGI Fridays, Domino's Pizza, Pizza Hut, Dunkin' Donuts, Subway etc...). Many local fast food restaurants have sprung up to compete with the major franchisers.
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Radio in Beirut is quite popular, particularly with the younger people who listen to the English-spoken stations as all events and concerts are advertised through those. Arabic and French broadcasted stations are plentiful, and are worth a listen if you'd like to experience the traditional culture. Below are radio stations that are broadcasted in English:
* NRJ (99.1FM), [http://www.nrjlebanon.com/]
* Mix FM (104,4FM)
* Radio One (105.5FM), [http://www.radiooneglobal.com/]
* BBC World Service (in English) (1323 AM),
Virgin Radio(89.5)
[http://www.bbcworldservice.com/]
Official Newsboxes can be found throughout the commercial areas in the city, mainly in Sassine Square ashrafieh, Verdun st. Verdun, Concorde st. Hamra. All Minimarkets/Supermarkets/Hypermarkets distribute newspapers and magazines as well.
* The Daily Star [url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/]]Independent daily English-language newspaper covering local, national and international news.
* Monday Morning [url=http://www.mmorning.com/[/url]]Independent weekly English-language journal.
* L'Orient Le Jour [http://www.lorient-lejour.com.lb/[/url] a popular independent French-language newspaper.
There is a huge variety of Arabic newspapers of all sorts, as well as ethnic newspapers such as the Armenian Aztag Daily.
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*