Most visitors arrive on the JR Senseki Line (仙石線) connecting Sendai (25 minutes by express train or 40 minutes by local) and [wiki=d23ffe11002dbfb80a61386e68d1f2f2]Ishinomaki[/wiki]. The most convenient station is Matsushima-Kaigan (松島海岸). The Matsushima station on the JR Tohoku Main Line is located a fair distance away from the seashore.
From [wiki=62413a57c5e3dc51177995fa175d3286]Tokyo[/wiki], the Shinkansen bullet train runs to Sendai for connection to the Senseki Line. The total one-way fare is ¥10,900 using the fastest, all-reserved shinkansen service, and the journey to Matsushima-Kaigan lasts around 2 3/4 hours. There is no charge if you use the Japan Rail Pass.
Another popular choice is to take the JR Senseki line train to [wiki=aec9acda1a02a9c6784da67abc8737e7]Hon-Shiogama[/wiki] (don't mistake it with JR Tohuku line train to Shiogama station), connect to a sightseeing boat to Matsushima (viewing some of the famous islands along the way), then return by train.